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The eye is a highly complex organ which "processes" and relays visual images to the brain. The retina, which comprises the inner layer of the eye, is essential to good vision because it "receives" the picture before it is sent on to the brain via the optic nerve. The retina is composed of millions of tiny nerve cells and fibers, and is nourished by an intricate network of blood vessels. Tissue-thin and extremely sensitive, the retina may be damaged by illness, injury or even by the normal processes associated with aging.
 
RETINAL DETACHMENT
Retinal detachment refers to the separation of the outer-most layers
of the retina from the wall of the eye. It usually results when a tear
in the retina allows eye fluid to seep between the two structures.
 
Detachment is often caused by the gradual deterioration and tearing
of the retina with time, but nearsightedness and trauma may also
contribute. Symptoms may include a shower of black spots, light flashes,
and a curtain-like obstruction in vision.
 
Treatment of a retinal detachment involves bonding the retinal
layers through surgery or the use of laser or freezing. Early
diagnosis and treatment can restore normal vision in a majority
of cases.
 
DIABETIC RETINOPATHY
A leading cause of new blindness in adults, diabetic retinopathy results when the blood vessels at the back of the eye deteriorate. If leaking blood or fluid damages the retina, vision becomes blurred or distorted.
 
Although long-time diabetics are particularly at risk of developing retinopathy, the condition may actually be the first sign that diabetes has developed. Early diagnosis and treatment is key to controlling diabetic retinopathy; for this reason, it is recommended that diabetic patients have a thorough eye examination by an ophthalmologist once a year.
 
The most common form of treatment for retinopathy is laser photocoagulation. During the procedure, a high intensity beam of light seals the leaking blood vessels and causes regression of abnormal vessel growth.
 
Photocoagulation may prevent further damage if retinopathy is diagnosed early. To this end, we work closely with other medical providers to control the overall disease process.
 
MACULAR DEGENERATION
The macula is a small portion of the retina which makes fine, distinct vision possible. Degeneration of the macula may result if the retina's light and pigment cells are damaged in any way, such as through leakage from blood vessels behind the retina. Macular degeneration usually results in a gradual loss of central vision. There are several types of treatment, including Laser Photocoagulation. We also offer the very latest FDA approved treatments for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD), including Macugen Injection Therapy (Pegaptanib, anti-VEGF), and Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) with Visudyne (Verteporfin for injection). Please call us for more information on these treatments. 
 
Patients with macular degeneration should check the vision in each eye on a daily basis. Any loss in central or reading vision should be reported promptly to the patient's ophthalmologist. Although advanced macular degeneration cannot always be cured, surrounding or side vision can usually be preserved. And, with the help of low-vision aids, many patients can lead active, meaningful lifestyles.